Abstract
This project presents the design and implementation of a smart energy meter using the ESP32 microcontroller to monitor and control both AC and DC loads. The system measures voltage, current, power, and energy consumption of an AC bulb/fan and a DC fan using appropriate sensors. AC parameters are measured using a voltage sensor and current sensor, while DC parameters are measured using a voltage divider and ACS712 current sensor. The measured data is processed by ESP32 and transmitted to the Blynk IoT platform for real-time monitoring and control. Relays are used to switch the loads ON/OFF remotely through a mobile application. This system improves energy efficiency and provides real-time insights into power consumption.

Introduction
Energy management has become very important in modern electrical systems due to the increasing demand for electricity and the need to reduce power wastage. Conventional energy meters only display total energy consumption and do not provide real-time monitoring or control of electrical loads. This limitation can lead to inefficient energy usage.
To overcome these issues, smart energy meters are introduced using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. A smart energy meter not only measures electrical parameters such as voltage, current, and power but also allows users to monitor and control devices remotely through a mobile application.
In this project, a smart energy meter is developed using the ESP32 microcontroller, which has built-in Wi-Fi capability. The system is designed to monitor both AC and DC loads simultaneously. For the AC load (such as a bulb or fan), an AC voltage sensor and a current sensor are used. For the DC load (such as a DC fan), a DC voltage sensor and ACS712 current sensor are used to measure electrical parameters.
The ESP32 processes the sensor data and calculates power consumption. The measured data is sent to the Blynk IoT platform, where it can be viewed in real time. Additionally, relays are used to control the loads remotely through the Blynk mobile application.
This system provides an efficient, low-cost, and user-friendly solution for real-time energy monitoring and control, making it suitable for smart homes and industrial applications.

Objectives
• To measure AC and DC voltage and current
• To calculate power and energy consumption
• To monitor data remotely using IoT (Blynk)
• To control loads using relays via mobile app
• To build a low-cost smart energy monitoring system