Abstract:
In poultry farming, maintaining good air quality is important for the health of the birds and the efficiency of the farm. Ammonia (NH₃) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) are two gases that can build up in poultry houses, causing health issues for both the birds and farm workers. High levels of ammonia can irritate the birds' respiratory systems, while too much carbon dioxide can make it hard for them to breathe.
This paper looks at ways to monitor and detect ammonia and carbon dioxide in poultry farms using different sensor technologies, such as electrochemical and infrared sensors. It discusses how these sensors help farmers track gas levels in real-time, ensuring the birds are in a healthy environment. The use of automated systems to control ventilation based on sensor readings is also explored, improving air quality and farm productivity. The paper highlights the need for better monitoring tools to keep both the birds and the farm environment safe.

Introduction:
Poultry farming is a vital industry that provides a significant portion of the world’s protein supply through eggs and meat. However, maintaining the health and productivity of poultry flocks requires careful management of environmental factors, especially air quality. Among the various pollutants that can affect poultry health, ammonia (NH₃) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) are two of the most harmful gases. Ammonia is primarily produced from poultry waste, while carbon dioxide is a natural byproduct of respiration. When concentrations of these gases rise above safe levels, they can lead to respiratory problems, stress, and even death for the birds.
Ammonia, in particular, can cause eye and respiratory tract irritation, reduce immune function, and increase susceptibility to infections. On the other hand, elevated carbon dioxide levels can cause breathing difficulties and affect the overall well-being of both birds and workers. Therefore, monitoring the levels of ammonia and carbon dioxide in poultry houses is critical for ensuring the health of the animals and the safety of the workers.
Advances in sensor technology have made it possible to measure these gases in real-time, providing farmers with tools to better manage air quality. Sensors such as electrochemical and infrared detectors can offer continuous monitoring, enabling automated systems to adjust ventilation and air circulation as needed. This creates a healthier environment for the poultry and can improve farm productivity.
This paper explores the importance of monitoring ammonia and carbon dioxide in poultry farming, reviews the different detection technologies available, and discusses their potential to enhance animal welfare and farm efficiency. By focusing on improving air quality, poultry farmers can ensure better outcomes for both the birds and the farm’s overall success.


Objective:
The objective of this study is to explore ways to effectively monitor ammonia (NH₃) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels in poultry farms. The main goals are to:
1. Review existing methods for detecting these gases in real-time.
2. Identify automated systems that can help maintain safe air quality by adjusting ventilation.
3. Improve the health and productivity of poultry by providing better monitoring tools.
4. Ensure a safer working environment for farm workers by preventing harmful gas buildup.